PSYC 324 PSYC324 Midterm Exam (APUS)

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PSYC324 Midterm Exam (APUS)

Midterm Exam - Week 4 100.0/ 100.0 Points

Question 1 of 50

2.0/ 2.0 Points

Daily smoking of one marijuana joint is equivalent to how many cigarettes in terms of damage to cells lining the airways?

A.ten cigarettes (half a pack) a day

B.five cigarettes a day

C.forty cigarettes (two packs) a day

D.sixty cigarettes (three packs) a day

Which area(s) of the brain are most affected by heavy drinking?

A.forebrain and medulla

B.pons and thalamus

C.cerebral cortex and forebrain

D.cerebellum and cerebral cortex

Analogy: Licit recreational drug use is to smoking a cigarette as illicit recreational drug use is to _______.

A.smoking marijuana

B.drinking a caffeinated beverage

C.injecting heroin

D.both A and C

Which of the following is an enabler?

A.a woman taking her brother to an Alcoholics Anonymous meeting

B.a mother kicking her daughter out of the house due to her alcoholism

C.a man checking himself into a rehabilitation facility

D.a father giving his son money to pay rent when his son spent his paycheck on alcohol

A key factor in understanding the effect of alcohol in the brain is which receptor?

A.GABA receptor

B.serotonin receptor

C.dopamine receptor

D.THC-sensitive receptor

Drug A has ten times the number of drug-related ED visits in the DAWN statistics as Drug B. Drug A is used by ten times the number of individuals as Drug B. What are the relative toxicities of the two drugs?

A.Drug A is more toxic than Drug B.

B.Drug B is more toxic than Drug A.

C.Drugs A and B have equivalent toxicities.

D.Not enough information is present to judge the relative toxicities of Drugs A and B

When a pregnant woman drinks alcoholic beverages, the fetal alcohol levels _______.

A.Since alcohol does not pass through the placenta, the fetus does not have an alcohol level.

B.are higher than those of the mother

C.are the same as those of the mother

D.are lower than those of the mother

The gateway hypothesis predicts that, relative to abstinence from marijuana, _______.

A.marijuana smoking will lower your grades

B.marijuana smoking will help you find your way in life

C.marijuana smoking will lead to a greater incidence of drug abuse in general

D.marijuana smoking will have many adverse psychological and physical consequenc

Which characteristic is not a physiological effect of cocaine?

A.sweatiness and a pale appearance

B.increased appetite

C.dilated pupils

D.increased heart rate

We think we are being stimulated when intoxicated with alcohol because _______.

A.the cerebral cortex is being inhibited

B.the respiratory centers in the medulla are being stimulated

C.heart rate is slowing down

D.the cerebral cortex is being stimulated

Expectancy effects of alcohol influence _______.

A.emotional behaviors

B.motor behaviors

C.cognitive behaviors

D.all of the above

Health researchers have established that _______.

A.there is no safe level of drinking during pregnancy

B.one drink every other week is okay during pregnancy

C.one drink per week is okay during pregnancy

D.one drink per month is okay during pregnancy

Cathy needs to stay awake to study for her psychology midterm, so she decides to take an amphetamine to keep from falling asleep. In this case, the drug has a(n) _____ use.

A.instrumental

B.pre-creational

C.pre-instrumental

D.recreational

A "bad trip" on LSD _______.

A.can be minimized by the companionship/reassurance of others

B.can be avoided by turning off all the lights

C.is avoidable with careful planning as to the dose one is taking

D.can be minimized by physical restraints

The best way to treat alcoholism is _______.

A.biologically based treatments

B.psychosocial interventions

C.Alcoholics Anonymous

D.No one treatment is best.

John has been an alcoholic for many years. He is having trouble remembering information that he has just been given. When talking about the past, he often elaborates on a few details to make it appear as though he remembers past situations clearly. John is most likely suffering from _______.

A.Wernicke's disease

B.Korsakoff's psychosis

C.Korsakoff's encephalopathy

D.Wernicke's encephalopathy

The social problems associated with the Prohibition era have often been cited as an argument against _______.

A.prevention programs for drug abuse

B.restricting drugs in general

C.encouraging chronic alcohol abuse

D.all of the above

Women tend to become more intoxicated than men because _______.

A.they drink alcohol at a faster rate

B.their body weight is always less

C.they have 60 percent less alcohol dehydrogenase

D.they have 60 percent more alcohol dehydrogenas

Difficulties in handling sensory-motor tasks while engaged in marijuana smoking _______.

A.continue even after the effects of marijuana are no longer felt

B.are largely a myth, unsupported by research data

C.are increased as the marijuana high starts to wear off

D.fortunately are limited to the period of time in which one is feeling high

Research on adopted children shows that biological children of alcoholics being raised by nonalcoholic adoptive parents _______.

A.have a lower risk of becoming alcoholic

B.have a lower tolerance to alcohol

C.develop drug problems

D.have a greater risk for becoming alcoholic

Generally speaking, growth retardation, premature birth, low birth weight, and neurological damage to the infant are events most associated with drug use during which time of pregnancy?

A.before the third month

B.during the fourth to fifth month

C.during the sixth to seventh month

D.after the eighth month

One of the problems in considering alcohol abuse is the frequently held idea that _______.

A.alcohol is not really a drug

B.alcohol abuse is not as bad as drug abuse

C.alcohol abuse is not the same as drug abuse

D.all of the above

A drawback of urine testing for the presence of THC is _______.

A.the test cannot show exactly when exposure occurred

B.the test cannot determine whether the person actually smoked marijuana

C.some types of marijuana have an ingredient which counters the effects of THC, resulting in a negative test result

D.both A and B

If you were to order the three classifications of brain tissue from the most primitive to the most recently evolved part of the human brain, it would in which order?

A.hindbrain, forebrain, midbrain

B.hindbrain, midbrain, forebrain

C.forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain

D.midbrain, hindbrain, forebrain

Cocaine effects are directly related to those areas of the brain that control _______.

A.pleasure and reinforcement

B.sleep and dreaming

C.respiratory control

D.balance and equilibrium

Behavioral or conditioned tolerance can be considered to be an important contributor to which drug-taking phenomenon?

A.increased sensitivity to a drug

B.the placebo effect

C.lethal overdoses

D.improved responses to a drug

Suppression of height and weight gains caused by stimulant medication (e.g., Ritalin) treatment for ADHD can be compensated for _______.

A.during "drug holidays" when someone is no longer taking the medication

B.by taking a different brand of stimulant medication

C.by increasing the dosage of stimulant medication

D.by taking two different kinds of stimulant medication

What should someone do in a situation involving acute alcohol intoxication?

A.induce vomiting as soon as possible

B.have the person lie on his or her side with his or her head lower than the rest of the body

C.have the person take a cold shower

D.give the person strong black coffee

If a placebo effect occurs, a completely inert substance _______.

A.will likely produce a lethal response

B.will have a reduced effect

C.will have an effect

D.will have no effect whatsoever

A speedball contains a combination of _______.

A.cocaine and amphetamines

B.amphetamines and heroin

C.cocaine and LSD

D.cocaine and heroin

The rush of a "heroin high" is avoided with methadone because _______.

A.it is taken orally

B.it is taken on a daily basis

C.it is absorbed slowly and metabolized slowly

D.it cannot bind itself to endorphin-sensitive receptors

Ted just took a hallucinogenic drug and is experiencing auditory hallucinations. Which hallucinogen is Ted most likely to have taken?

A.LSD

B.DMT

C.LAA

D.psilocybin

According to the text, what is the most important characteristic of narcotics?

A.They greatly reduce feelings of pain.

B.They are mostly available as over-the-counter drugs.

C.They are very inexpensive.

D.Both A and B.

An alcohol-tolerant drinker may feel the intoxication level equivalent to a BAC of _____ while actually having a BAC of _____.

A.0.08 percent; 0.18 percent

B.0.25 percent; 0.10 percent

C.0.10 percent; 0.10 percent

D.0.10 percent; 0.05 percent

The following cannabis products are rank ordered for THC concentration (highest to lowest):

A.sinsemilla, marijuana, hashish, hashish oil

B.hashish oil, hashish, sinsemilla, marijuana

C.hashish oil, hashish, marijuana, sinsemilla

D.marijuana, sinsemilla, hashish, hashish oil

Toxicity of MDMA (Ecstasy) involves _______.

A.hyperthermia

B.dehydration

C.agitation and confusion

D.all of the above

A problem inherent in all forms of injection involves _______.

A.the risk of infection if the needle is not sterile

B.the possible collapse of a vein

C.the need for the individual to be conscious

D.the relatively slow rate of absorption

If one of the effects of heroin is constipation, then withdrawal symptoms after chronic heroin abuse would include _______.

A.a period of constipation followed by normal intestinal activity

B.increased dizziness and headache pain

C.diarrhea

D.increased constipation

Which of the following is a "standard drink"?

A.an 8-ounce glass of wine

B.a 20-ounce bottle of beer

C.a 1.5-ounce shot of 80 proof liquor

D.all of the above

Sara has been drinking alcohol for two months. She even drives her friends home on weekends when she has been drinking heavily. According to the DSM-IV-TR, Sara meets one of the criteria for _______.

A.alcohol abuse

B.denial

C.systematic drinking

D.alcohol dependence

If one drug has an effect of 6, a second drug has an effect of 8, and the combination of the two drugs has an effect of 20, then the interaction is _______.

A.synergistic

B.additive

C.antagonistic

D.all of the above

Ordering opiates from strongest to least strong would be the following _______.

A.thebaine, codeine, morphine

B.codeine, thebaine, morphine

C.morphine, codeine, thebaine

D.codeine, morphine, thebain

Binge drinking for men is generally defined as _______.

A.a consumption of beer combined with liquor

B.ten or more drinks in a row

C.five or more drinks in a row

D.two drinks in two minutes

By the definition used in the text, a chemical substance would be considered a drug if _______.

A.it intoxicated the user

B.it had an impact on brain functioning

C.it served as a nutrient

D.both A and B

A principal benefit from methadone maintenance has been _______.

A.the security measures taken to avoid a diversion of methadone to the street

B.reduced risk of AIDS from intravenous drug use

C.the excellent record in getting individuals off drug abuse in general

D.all of the above

Professional artists and musicians under the influence of LSD _______.

A.have more difficulty being creative

B.show more of a tendency to late suffer from "writer's block"

C.show no significant difference in the quality of their work as compared to work created when not under the influence of LSD

D.produce better, more creative work

What is particularly dangerous about many club drugs?

A.They are colorless, odorless, and tasteless.

B.They can be slipped into drinks unobtrusively.

C.They have been used in sexual assault cases.

D.All of the above

Most of the alcohol consumed is absorbed by _______.

A.the stomach

B.the liver

C.the small intestine

D.the large intestine

Tim is having physical withdrawal symptoms from alcohol. He started feeling confused and feverish. He is sweating and hallucinating. Tim is most likely suffering from _______.

A.Delirium tremens

B.Alcoholis cirrhosis

C.Tourette's syndrome

D.Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome

"On the nod" is a tern used to describe _______.

A.the tranquil drowsiness that heroin induces

B.injecting heroin into the bloodstream

C.heroin addicts

D.the "rush" of intense euphoria from taking heroin